MTG’s “Biology Lab Manual” for CBSE Students is a comprehensive handbook following the latest CBSE 2024 syllabus, is designed to assist students in their Biology practical exams. This guide covers a wide range of topics with which students can enhance their practical skills and confidently tackle their CBSE practical exams.
- Lab Experiments to provide hands-on experience and practical application of theoretical concepts.
- Investigatory Projects to promote students to design, plan, and execute experiments.
- Viva-Voce Questions will help remove any surprise & fear regarding the actual viva.
- NCERT Lab Manual Questions helps in familiarizing with the format and type of questions asked.
Table of Content:-
- INTRODUCTION
- CORE EXPERIMENTS
- 1. In Vitro Pollen Germination
- To prepare a temporary mount to observe pollen germination
- *A. Soil Testing
- (i) To collect and study soil from at least two different sites for texture and correlate with the plants
- growing in them
- (ii) To collect soil from at least two different sites and study them for moisture content and correlate with
- the plants growing in them
- (iii) To study pH of different soil samples collected from at least two different sites and
- correlate with the plants growing in them
- (iv) To determine the water holding capacity of different soil samples collected from at least
- two different sites and correlate with the plants growing in them
- *B. Water Testing
- (i) To collect water from three different water bodies and study them for pH
- (ii) To collect water from three different water bodies and study them for clarity
- (iii) To collect water from three different water bodies and study them for the presence of living
- organisms
- *C. Suspended Particulate Matter
- To study the presence of suspended particulate matter in air at two widely different sites
- 2. Plant Population Density
- To study the plant population density by quadrat method.
- 3. Plant Population Frequency
- To study plant population frequency by quadrat method
- 4. Mitosis in Onion Root Tip
- To prepare a temporary mount of onion root tip to study mitosis
- *D. Activity of Salivary Amylase on Starch
- (i) To study the effect of different temperatures on the activity of salivary amylase on starch
- (ii) To study the effect of different pH on the activity of salivary amylase on starch
- 5. DNA Isolation
- To isolate DNA from available plant material such as spinach, green pea seeds, papaya, etc
- SPOTTING EXPERIMENTS
- 1. Agents of Pollination
- To study flowers adapted to pollination by different agencies (wind, insects, birds)
- 2. In Vivo Pollen Germination
- To study pollen germination on stigma through a permanent slide or scanning electron micrograph
- 3. Different Stages of Gamete Development
- To identify stages of gamete development from T.S. of testis and T.S. of ovary through permanent slides.
- 4. Study of Meiosis
- To study meiosis in onion bud cell or grasshopper testis through permanent slides
- 5. T. S. of Blastula
- To study T.S. of blastula through permanent slides (Mammalian)
- 6. Study of Mendelian Inheritance
- (A) To study Mendel's law of segregation using seeds of different colour/size of any plant
- (B) To study the Mendel's law of independent assortment using seeds of different colour/size
- of any plant
- 7. Pedigree Chart Analysis
- To study the prepared pedigree charts of any one of the genetic traits such as rolling of tongue, blood groups, ear lobes, widow’s peak, colour blindness, etc
- 8. Controlled Pollination
- To study methods of controlled pollination - emasculation, bagging and tagging
- 9. Common Disease Causing Organisms
- To identify common disease causing organisms like Ascaris, Entamoeba, Plasmodium and a fungus causing ringworm, through permanent slides of specimens, models or virtual images.
- Comment on symptoms of diseases that they cause
- *A. Adaptations in Xeric Conditions
- To study two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) found in xeric conditions.
- Comment upon their morphological adaptations
- *B. Adaptations in Aquatic Conditions
- To study two plants and two animals (models/virtual images) found in aquatic conditions.
- Comment upon their morphological adaptations
- 10. Symbiotic Association in Plants
- To study models/specimens showing symbiotic association in root nodules of leguminous plants, Cuscuta on host and lichens
- 11. Homologous and Analogous Organs
- To study flash cards/models showing examples of homologous and analogous organs
- INVESTIGATORY PROJECTS*
- Project 1 Inventory of Local Trees, Shrubs and Herbs
- To make an inventory of local trees, shrubs and herbs
- Project 2 Seed Germination
- To study the effect of pH on seed germination
- Project 3 Effects of Agrochemicals on Plant Growth
- To study the effects of agrochemicals such as different fertilisers on the plant growth
- Project 4 Investigate BOD in Water Sample
- To investigate the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) of a water sample as pollution indicator
- Project 5 Ecological Role of Birds
- To study the ecological role of birds in an area
- Project 6 Estimation of Water Content in Mesophytes, Xerophytes and Hydrophytes
- To estimate water content in various plants adapted to mesophytic, xerophytic and hydrophytic
- conditions
- Project 7 COVID-19 Vaccination
- To study various COVID-19 vaccinations and their impact
- Project 8 Quantitative Analysis of Phytoplankton in a Water Body
- To perform quantitative analysis of phytoplankton in a water body
*This experiment is not included in the latest CBSE curriculum.
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